Protocell Action Potentials: A New Perspective of Bio-Excitation

摘要: The term bio-excitation generates many mental pictures ranging from the machinations of brain, responsiveness to environmental stimuli, facilitated efferent motor responses, electrical discharges, ionic gradients, membrane structure, etc. At cellular level, those familiar with excitation immediately retrieve one model or another upon which they have depended for imagery. Some begin a precise phospholipid bilayer peppered protein gates carriers precision architecture. Others also consider biochemical and energy transfer processes associated active transport, maintenance anisotropy. eons natural selection allowed development such sophisticated electrochemical concerns yet others. And there are primarily concerned process by external chemical, electromagnetic, mechanical energies converted into excitation. But what becomes all these images if it is suddenly found that simple heating subsequent hydration amino acid mixtures results in spherical structures manifesting fundamental characteristics excitation? There no need biological evolution. phospholipid. nucleotide control precision.