New insights on the role of epigenetic alterations in hepatocellular carcinoma.

摘要: Emerging evidence assigns to epigenetic mechanisms heritable differences in gene function that come into being during cell development or via the effect of environmental factors. Epigenetic deregulation is strongly involved hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It includes changes methionine metabolism, promoter hypermethylation, increased proteasomal degradation oncosuppressors, as well posttranscriptional by microRNA messenger RNA (mRNA) binding proteins. Alterations methylation methyl adenosyltransferase MAT1A and MAT2A genes HCC result decreased S-adenosylmethionine levels, global DNA hypomethylation, signal transduction pathways linked metabolism adenosyltransferases activity. Changes levels may also depend on mRNA destabilization associated with stabilization specific Decrease expression has been attributed miRNA upregulation HCC. A complex miRNAs hepatocarcinogenesis, up-regulation different targeting oncosuppressor down-regulation cell-cycle control. Oncosuppressor induced hypermethylation posttranslational deregulation, leading degradation. The role hepatocarcinogenesis recently suggested new promising therapeutic approaches for basis administration methylating agents, inhibition adenosyltransferases, restoration tumor-suppressor miRNAs.