Plastid Protein Targeting: Preprotein Recognition and Translocation

摘要: Eukaryotic organisms are defined by their endomembrane system and various organelles. The membranes that define these organelles require complex protein sorting molecular machines selectively mediate the import of proteins from cytosol to functional location inside organelle. plastid possibly represents most sorting, requiring many different translocons located in three found this Despite having a small genome its own, vast majority plastid-localized is nuclear encoded must be posttranslationally imported cytosol. These as larger weight precursor contains special "zip code," targeting sequence specific intended final destination given protein. code" at N-terminus, appropriately called transit peptide (TP). We aim provide an overview trafficking with focus on mechanism regulation general pathway, which serves central hub for thousands function plastid. extend comparative analysis plant proteomes develop better understanding evolution TPs differential TP recognition. also review alternate pathways, including vesicle-mediated trafficking, dual targeting, signal-anchored tail-anchored proteins.