Cryptic diversity and dynamic chromosome evolution in Alpine scorpions (Euscorpiidae: Euscorpius).

摘要: Abstract Over time, mountain biota has undergone complex evolutionary histories that have left imprints on its genomic arrangement, geographical distribution and diversity of contemporary lineages. Knowledge these biogeographical aspects still lags behind for invertebrates inhabiting the Alpine region. In present study, we examined three scorpion species subgenus Euscorpius (Alpiscorpius) from European Alps using cytogenetic molecular phylogenetic approaches to determine variation population structure extant lineages at both chromosome genetic level, provide an insight into diversification histories. We detected considerable intraspecific variability in complements localization 18S rDNA loci all studied species. Such differences were noticeable as existence [in E. (A.) alpha germanus] or four gamma] range-restricted karyotypic races. These races differed one another either by 2n 2n = 54, 60, 90; gamma 2n = 58, 88, 86–92], formula germanus 2n = 34m + 12sm; 36m + 10sm; 42m + 4sm]. Using mitochondrial (16S rRNA, COI) nuclear (28S rDNA) markers, reconstructed relationships among Both provided evidence ten deeply divergent exhibiting features local endemics indicating presence cryptic Molecular dating analyses suggest diversified during Plio-Pleistocene this process was presumably accompanied dynamic structural changes genome organization.