HIV type 2 epidemic in Spain: challenges and missing opportunities.

摘要: : HIV type 2 (HIV-2) is a neglected virus despite estimates of 1-2 million people infected worldwide. HIV-2 less efficiently transmitted than HIV-1 by sex and from mother to child. Although AIDS may develop in carriers, it takes longer HIV-1-infected patients. In contrast with infection, there no global pandemic caused HIV-2, as the largely confined West Africa. extent due socioeconomic ties wars, prevalent Portugal its former colonies Brazil, India, Mozambique Angola. Globally, infections are steadily declining over time. A total 338 cases infection had been reported at Spanish registry until December 2016, whom 63% were men. Overall 72% sub-Saharan Africans, whereas 16% native Spaniards. Dual coinfection was found 9% Heterosexual contact most likely route acquisition more 90% cases. Roughly one-third presented CD4 cell counts 200 cells/μl and/or clinical events. Plasma RNA undetectable baseline 40% To date, carriers have received antiretroviral therapy, using integrase inhibitors 32 individuals. New diagnoses Spain remained stable since 2010 an average 15 yearly. Illegal immigration Northwestern African borders accounts for 75% new diagnoses. Given relatively large community Africans already living continuous flux endemic regions, either alone or should be excluded once all HIV-seroreactive persons, especially when showing atypical serological profiles, immunovirological disconnect (CD4 count loss viremia) high epidemiological risks (birth partners regions).