Effects of Pleistocene climatic fluctuations on the phylogeographic and demographic histories of Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii)

摘要: We gathered mitochondrial DNA sequences (557 bp from the control region in 935 specimens and 668 of cytochrome b gene 139 specimens) Pacific herring collected 20 nearshore localities spanning species' extensive range along North coastlines Asia America. Haplotype diversity nucleotide were high, three major phylogeographic lineages (sequence divergences ca. 1.5%) detected. Using a variety phylogenetic methods, coalescent reasoning, molecular dating interpreted conjunction with paleoclimatic physiographic evidence, we infer that genetic make-up extant populations C. pallasii was shaped by Pleistocene environmental impacts on historical demography this species. A deep genealogical split cleanly distinguishes western vs. eastern probably originated as vicariant separation associated glacial cycle drove species southward isolated two ancestral Another may have involved either isolation third lineage (perhaps originally Gulf California) or it resulted simply long times are possible large populations. Coalescent analyses showed all evolutionary experienced expansions their most recent histories after having remained more stable preceding periods. Independent calibration chosen, appear to grown throughout periods covered at least glaciations, more.