摘要: The modern bathroom reflects Western ideas on the handling of bodily wastes, and consequently cleanliness. Taking a historical study as point departure, purpose this paper is to understand extent which idea cleanliness influences possibility converting water closet more sustainable technology. An examination changes demonstrates that our present are distinct in their own way. It also represent drawing together several loose ends, development towards having been incoherent. Great variation has apparent practices surrounding, social importance of, People have lived different ways had about how behave. Roman culture thought bathing relieving oneself duties. In Middle Ages, uncleanliness ruled day people very natural relaxed attitude waste. Following urbanisation process, was step progress sanitational cure for epidemics cities. recent times, became project orderliness institutionalised society. inextricably linked with This could impede future conversion closet, these conflicting toilet system. Nevertheless, it illustrate not self-evident. On contrary, contextually bound might thus change, instance, due strengthening e.g. environmental discourse.
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Ellen Lupton, J. Abbott Miller, The Bathroom, the Kitchen, and the Aesthetics of Waste: A Process of Elimination ,(1992)