摘要: The most spectacular progress in bryological research during the last few years was certainly made phylogeny. Essentially molecular approaches refined our views of evolution bryophyte lineages. recent developments laboratory techniques (namely polymerase chain reaction and automatic sequencing) computer tools for fast application sophisticated statistics provided new, concise methods to evaluate phylogenetic relationships at any level. These are now widely used many disciplines will eventually improve systematics as an integrative science diversity. Population biology, morphogenesis, cytology, ecology, paleobotany other fields contribute a better understanding evolutionary processes. Thus, has become interdisciplinary and, consequently, it is more difficult divide chapter such this into clear-cut disciplinary parts. This interdisciplinarity also leads bryologists not only publish their specialized periodicals but present “their” organisms (alas, often overlooked or forgotten) places where they reach larger audience.