Physiological Aspects of UV-Excitation of DNA

摘要: Solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation, mainly UV-B (280–315 nm), is one of the most potent genotoxic agents that adversely affects living organisms by altering their genomic stability. DNA through its nucleobases has absorption maxima in UV region and therefore main target deleterious radiation. The biological relevance radiation lies formation several cytotoxic mutagenic lesions such as cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs), 6-4 photoproducts (6-4PPs), Dewar valence isomers (DEWs), well strand breaks. However, to counteract these lesions, have developed a number highly conserved repair mechanisms photoreactivation, excision repair, mismatch (MMR). Photoreactivation involving enzyme photolyase frequently used mechanism organisms. Excision can be classified base (BER) nucleotide (NER) glycosylases polymerases, respectively. In addition this, double-strand break SOS response, cell-cycle checkpoints, programmed cell death (apoptosis) are also operative various ensure This review concentrates on UV-induced damage associated detection methods.