Characteristics of the Metastatic Phenotype

摘要: Malignant progression and tumor metastasis is a complex process enabled by various molecular changes occurring in subpopulation of cells. The metastatic phenotype associated with the cellular capacity for uncontrolled growth, resistance to apoptosis, high invasive potential, effective neoangiogenesis. Whereas contribution genetic alterations dissemination not yet clear, because both primary tumors often have similar patterns mutations, majority contributing are controlled epige-netically. In melanoma, toward malignant disease acquisition involves loss activator protein 2 gain expression activating transcription factor 1/cyclic adenosine monophosphate-responsive element-binding family factors. Together upregulation 2, Snail, nuclear factor-?B other factors, this results deregulation adhesion molecules, matrix-degrading enzymes, as well factors that enable interaction cells extracellular milieu during dissemination. Furthermore, need survive mechanical immunological challenges, changing nutritional environment process, permanently selected superior survival capacity. As result, commonly characterized their increased chemotherapeutic treatment when compared tumors. Here, we discuss some potential mechanisms drug melanoma.