Alternative approaches to the economics on soil nutrient depletion in Costa Rica: exploratory, predictive and normative bio-economic models

摘要: This chapter discusses three methodologies to analyse land use with respect income generation and sustainability in the Atlantic Zone of Costa Rica: explorative SOLUS methodology,the predictive UNA-DLV methodology,and a normative optimal control approach. Each methodology may be classified as bioeconomic; first two are single period optimisation models at regional farm level,respectively,while third is dynamic model plot level. The incorporate multi-market structure for commodities produced by wide spectrum systems specified technologies. For each these systems,technical coefficients generated related discounted benefits costs,and indicators,including soil nutrient depletion. confined pasture cattle,property farmer,and analyses inter-temporal trade-off between nitrogen depletion net benefits. Apart from assessing ‘economic benefit - sustainability’ trade-off,all capable analysing effects technological change. After providing some example results,the concludes comparison relative merits methodology.