Mass spectrometry and inflammation—MS methods to study oxidation and enzyme-induced changes of phospholipids

摘要: Many diseases such as arthritis or atherosclerosis are accompanied by inflammatory processes. Inflammation is characterized the infiltration of cells neutrophilic granulocytes and (a) release phospholipases [particularly phospholipase A2 (PLA2)] (b) generation reactive oxygen well nitrogen species (ROS RNS). While PLA2 leads to defined lyso products (lacking one acyl residue), lipid oxidation much more complex product patterns, including peroxides, aldehydes (by double bond cleavage), many others. Nevertheless, processes highly important under in vivo conditions because molecules with regulatory functions generated lipids and/or free fatty acids. Therefore, lysolipids increasingly assumed represent disease (bio)markers. Consequently, there also increasing interest methods characterize these qualitatively quantitatively.Mass spectrometry (MS) seems be method choice study (phospho)lipids changed conditions: nowadays, soft ionization MS regularly used oxidative modifications their high sensitivities tremendous mass resolutions that achievable using modern spectrometers. However, experimental care required able detect all relevant products. Although electrospray (ESI) so far most popular, applications matrix-assisted laser desorption (MALDI) continuously increasing. This review aims summarize available data on analyses oxidized lysolipids. In addition model systems, special attention will paid monitoring conditions. It aim this provide a critical survey advantages drawbacks different methods, focus MALDI ESI.