摘要: Abstract Four basic facial types have been defined—two in the anteroposterior and two vertical dimensions. They are syndromes of characteristics which, added together, may create a deformity. Facial multidimensional nature derive from combination Teeth, muscles, bones interact intimately during growth, increasing or masking initial deformities. This classification be used (1) to distinguish skeletal dental malocclusion, (2) evaluate physiologic differences, (3) explain variation esthetics, (4) describe racial differences proportions, (5) study hereditary transmission, (6) predict growth.
elsevier.com
sci-hub.se 参考文章(6)
Viken Sassouni, A roentgenographic cephalometric analysis of cephalo-facio-dental relationships American Journal of Orthodontics. ,vol. 41, pp. 735- 764 ,(1955) , 10.1016/0002-9416(55)90171-8
William B. Downs, Variations in facial relationships; their significance in treatment and prognosis. American Journal of Orthodontics. ,vol. 34, pp. 812- 840 ,(1948) , 10.1016/0002-9416(48)90015-3
Gerhard Muller, Growth and Development of the Middle Face Journal of Dental Research. ,vol. 42, pp. 385- 399 ,(1963) , 10.1177/00220345630420014601
Robert Murray Ricketts, A foundation for cephalometric communication American Journal of Orthodontics. ,vol. 46, pp. 330- 357 ,(1960) , 10.1016/0002-9416(60)90047-6
Viken Sassouni, Surender Nanda, Analysis of dentofacial vertical proportions American Journal of Orthodontics. ,vol. 50, pp. 801- 823 ,(1964) , 10.1016/0002-9416(64)90039-9
S. S. Stevens, W. H. Sheldon, W. B. Tucker, The varieties of human physique. Harper. ,(1940)