Water and membrane treatment

摘要: Water treatment in membrane plants implies pre-treatment and often post-treatment also. Pre-treatment is mandatory because systems are susceptible to fouling. The extent of physical chemical depends on the quality raw water, e.g. well water typically require minimum pre-treatment, whereas wastewaters extensive pre-treatment. Both processes technologies discussed detail. Post-treatment also detailed. required depending application product at point-of-use, RO permeate remineralised prior distribution for potable use. Conversely, polished further demineralise it applications that high-purity (pharmaceuticals) or ultrapure (microelectronics). Membrane scaling/fouling, process design guidelines minimise fouling cleaning This chapter describes detail system designs including important features controls.