摘要: Root perforations that result in a communication of the root space with periodontal tissues occasionally occur during endodontic procedures. They may be induced iatrogenically, by resorptive process, or caries. Identification is possible direct observation bleeding, indirect bleeding assessment using paper point, radiography, and an apex locator. Prognosis tooth perforation depends on time lapsed before obturation perforation, location size lesion, sealability repair material. Perforation defects repaired nonsurgical surgical techniques. A review causes, diagnosis, prognosis, management provides information for avoiding, detecting, treating such defects.
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