Ectomycorrhizal syntheses with Picea abies and three fungal species: a case study on the use of an in vitro technique to identify naturally occurring ectomycorrhizae

摘要: Ectomycorrhizal syntheses between Picea abies and the fungal associates Scleroderma citrinum, Boletus luridus, Tricholoma vaccinum were carried out using Melin's Erlenmeyer flask technique. The symbioses of S. citrinum characterized by a mantle composed an outer prosenchymatous inner synenchymatous layer. mantles B. luridus T. solely prosenchymatous. Rhizomorphs produced in all treatments, but only association with they differentiated additional, enlarged hyphae. All synthesized ectomycorrhizae white or whitish to light orange greyishorange. On large-scale root sampling two differing forests Switzerland, nine total 22 morphological types yellow colour were, therefore, comparable ectomycorrhizae. These natural generally had distinct features (irregular synenchyma, gelatinous matrix, cystides, thick-walled hyphae), mostly lacked clamp connections. Synthesized ectomycorrhizae, on other hand, characteristics always Natural did not coincide morphologically thus identification partners means vitro-synthesis potential ectomycorrhizal fungi was possible present study.