The Nature of Risk

摘要: “Risk” may be defined as a compound measure of the probability and magnitude adverse effect. Important distinctions can made among six major classes hazard (infectious degenerative diseases; natural catastrophes; failure large technological systems; discrete, small-scale accidents; low-level, delayed-effect hazards; sociopolitical disruptions). Decisions about risks meet with four kinds limitations: empirical analysis “the facts”, social value appraisal, “risk management”, assignment rights responsibilities.