摘要: Developments in the democratic theory of representation and deliberation enable renewed consideration ancient controversy over proper place rhetoric politics. Rhetoric facilitates making hearing claims spanning subjects audiences divided their commitments dispositions. Deliberative democracy requires a deliberative system with multiple components whose linkage often needs rhetoric. Appreciation these aspects exposes limitations categorical tests for admissibility particular sorts Prioritization bridging bonding is step right direction, while sometimes producing misleading results. A better systemic test asks whether or not promotes an effective linking competent reflective actors.