Biology and management of the Grey-headed Flying-fox, Pteropus poliocephalus

摘要: Pteropus poliocephalus is endemic to coastal eastern Australia (20-28°S), where infrequent, but extreme droughts and floods, commonly across large parts of the range, cause major swings in availability forage - primarily eucalypt blossom, supplemented with fruits leaves. It can establish camps most types closed vegetation > 3 m height it breed opportunistically. Nevertheless, camp occupation persistent areas years, births coincide southern spring. Mean (± SD) age at recovery banded animals was 40.4 18.8) months; oldest 96 months (30 recovered/1840 banded). Seventy-six percent foraging records (n = 433) were within 20 km origin. has experienced a range reduction since European settlement widely believed be vulnerable extinction. Possible causes decline are climate change, competition congenerics, habitat loss modification, pest control. Conservation effort been expended on protective legislation, reservation, promotion benefits P. as well other flying-foxes; problems they (mostly off-reserve) have poorly addressed monitoring inadequate. Collaborative management by stakeholders (= cost-bearers) would facilitate both development cost-effective benign methods for excluding flocks from inappropriate areas, population status. Measures developed manage could inform flying-foxes generic.