Extra-Telomeric Effects of Telomerase (hTERT) in Cell Death

摘要: Telomeres are heterochromatic structures found at the ends of chromosomes which involved in protection from degradation and DNA-repair mechanisms (Moyzis et al., 1988; Shay Wright, 2004; Wyatt 2010). Discovery telomeres also solved “end-replication problem” was exposed after observation that 3’extremity not completely replicated during each cell cycle. As a consequence play fundamental role overall genome stability (de Lange, 2005; Martinez Blasco, 2011; O'Sullivan Karlseder, 2010; Takai 2003). In mammals composed tandem repeats oligonucleotide sequence TTAGGG bound by composite structure proteins named shelterin complex 2005, Diotti Loayza, Longhese 2012; somatic cells shortened division cycle when critical short length has been reached then replication stops before these undergo senescence or apoptosis (Counter, 1996; Deng Chang, 2007). This mechanism is supposed to be responsible for “Hayflick limit” corresponds number times can divide it proliferating (Deng 2007; Hayflick, 1965; Hayflick Moorhead, 1961). The phenomenon shortening directly linked ageing process acting as mitotic clock inducing and/or once limit (Blasco, 2003; Djojosubroto Goronzy 2006; Liew 2009; Shin 2006).