Association of hygienically relevant microorganisms with freshwater plankton

摘要: In aqueous environments bacteria can occur planktonically in the water phase, or associated biofilms attached to solid surfaces other phase boundaries. Plankton organisms surface waters provide external which be colonized by biofilms. comprise areas up thousands of km2 a lake. Possible associations potentially pathogenic with phyto- and zooplankton were observed field study freshwater environment (Lake Baldeney, Essen, Germany) laboratory experiments. Hygienically relevant microorganisms considered were, faecal origin (Escherichia coli, coliforms, intestinal enterococci, Clostridium perfringens), an obligate human pathogen (Campylobacter spp.), environmental opportunistic (some Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aeromonas spp., Legionella spp.). For all investigated hygienically association plankton could clearly demonstrated, except for Campylobacter spp. was only found not detected culture. The bacterial abundance samples higher than compared free water. With culture-independent methods, fluorescence situ hybridization (FISH) quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), P. aeruginosa significant concentrations cultural methods. This observation indicates that both may viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state. In experiments co-cultivated Daphnia magna microcosms. To cladoceran-bacteria detail, it discriminated between carapace-associated ingested bacteria. The A. hydrophila more frequently located on carapace D. magna, whereas most E. faecalis gut. FISH analysis indicated possibility VBNC cells these magna. as well microcosms indicate there are accumulations bacteria, different characteristics origins, plankton. act reservoir vector pathogens spatially enhance infectious doses. case is possible resuscitate regain their virulence. Plankton-pathogen relevance considering health drinking production recreational use