Determining the optimal parameters for the MHD flow and heat transfer with variable viscosity and Hall effect

摘要: Abstract The direct and optimal control solution of the laminar, fully developed, steady MHD flow an incompressible, electrically conducting fluid in a duct is considered together with heat transfer. driven by constant pressure gradient external uniform magnetic field. viscosity temperature dependent varying exponentially Hall effect, viscous Joule dissipations are taken into consideration. problem solved discretize-then-optimize approach using mixed finite element method for energy equations. formulations parameters, Hartmann Brinkmann number given to regain desired velocity flow.