Potential Roles of Peroxisomes in Alzheimer's Disease and in Dementia of the Alzheimer's Type

摘要: In Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia of the type (DAT), role played by peroxisomes is not well known. Peroxisomes are present in all eukaryotic cells, with exception erythrocytes. They involved β-oxidation process long-chain fatty acids, very-long-chain branched-chain acids. participate α-oxidation phytanic acid, biosynthesis bile breakdown eicosanoids. also synthesis specific acids such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which essential for brain retina, plasmalogens (PLGN), play crucial roles neural cells components myelin. Several studies conducted animal models humans provided evidence a DHA preventing degeneration. Significantly lower levels PLGN were observed patients severe dementia. Moreover, decreased activity carnitine acetyltransferase, an enzyme peroxisome (but detected mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, nucleus), was reported AD patients. We give overview potential peroxisomes, especially part DHA, PLGN, carnitine, carnitine-dependent peroxisomal enzymes, on development DAT. The developing novel therapies targeted metabolism to prevent cognitive decline other age-related neurological disorders discussed.