Life under water: physiological adaptations to diving and living at sea.

摘要: This review covers the field of diving physiology by following a chronological approach and focusing heavily on marine mammals. Because study modern can be traced almost entirely to work Laurence Irving in 1930s, this particular is different than most that it did not derive from multiple laboratories working at many locations or aspects similar problem. principles still used today were first formulated Irving, important sequence thought examined as progression theory. The roughly decadal blocks traces ideas they suggested, tested, modified some cases, abandoned. has also been extremely dependent new technologies development recorders, fits well with advances electronics mechanical innovation. There are species dive underwater part their natural behavior, but mainly mammals (seals, sea lions, whales) demonstrate both long duration dives great depth. have studies other including birds, snakes, small aquatic mammals, humans. examines these appropriate listing reviews relevant literature groups included end. © 2012 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 2:1889-1919, 2012.