Histamine poisoning (scombroid fish poisoning): an allergy-like intoxication

摘要: Histamine poisoning results from the consumption of foods, typically certain types fish and cheeses, that contain unusually high levels histamine. Spoiled families, Scombridae Scomberesocidae (e.g. tuna, mackerel, bonito), are commonly implicated in incidents histamine poisoning, which leads to common usage term, "scombroid poisoning", describe this illness. However, non-scombroid fish, most notably mahi-mahi, bluefish, sardines, when spoiled also poisoning. Also, on rare occasions, cheeses especially Swiss cheese, can be The symptoms generally resemble encountered with IgE-mediated food allergies. include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, an oral burning sensation or peppery taste, hives, itching, red rash, hypotension. onset usually occurs within a few minutes after ingestion food, duration ranges hours 24 h. Antihistamines used effectively treat intoxication. is formed foods by bacteria able decarboxylate amino acid, histidine. containing may not appear outwardly spoiled. Foods concentrations exceeding 50 mg per 100 g considered hazardous. formation prevented proper handling refrigerated storage while control cheese seems dependent insuring histamine-producing present significant numbers raw milk.