The relation among pre-pregnancy body mass index, gestational weight gain and the incidence of neonatal asphyxia

作者: Lin Ruoqin

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摘要: Objective: To study the relation among pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), gestational weight gain (GWG) and neonatal asphyxia rate. Methods: For a retrospective cohort study, date were obtained from all of 1 522 pregnant women who got pregnancy test in our hospital singleton delivery January 2012 to 2014. All them are divided into four groups according (lean group: BMI<18.5), normal 18.5≤BMI<24.0, overweight: 24.0≤BMI<28.0, obese BMI≥28), then three GWG (GWG<0.3 kg/week, 0.3≤GWG <0.5 GWG≥0.5 kg/week). Among cases, 182 (the rate is 11.96%) happened. Results: The incidence 10.95% lean group (BMI<18.5), 11.30% (18.5≤BMI<24.0), 16.95% overweight (24.0≤BMI<28.0)and 21.96% (BMI≥28), rising gradully with BMI increasing. 17.81% <0.3 kg/week group, 收稿日期 (Date reception):2015–04–24 通信作者 (Corresponding author):林若琴,Email: linruoqinl@126.com doi: 10.3978/j.issn.2095-6959.2015.07.025 View this article at: http://dx.doi.org/10.3978/j.issn.2095-6959.2015.07.025 孕前体重指数、孕期体重增加与新生儿窒息发生率的关系 林若琴 1333 新生儿窒息是引起新生儿死亡和儿童伤残的 重要原因之一。由于其诊断标准未完全统一,国 内外文献报道的发病率差异性很大。窒息的本质 是缺氧,凡是能影响到新生儿气体交换的因素均 可引起窒息。窒息可发生在妊娠期各个时期,但 绝大多数发生于产程开始后,新生儿窒息多为胎 儿窒息(宫内窘迫)的延续。引起新生儿窒息的危险 因素有:孕母患有慢性或严重疾病,前置胎盘、 胎盘早剥、胎盘老化,脐带脱垂、绕颈、打结、 过 短 , 胎 儿 早 产 或 大 、 先 天 性 畸 形 宫 内 感 染、呼吸道阻塞、分娩因素的等。新生儿窒息对 新生儿影响非常大,特别是对中枢神经系统,窒 息可导致婴儿出生后呼吸、循环系统发育异常, 引发低氧血症、高碳酸血症、代谢性酸中毒及全 身多脏器损伤,最终将导致智力低下、脑瘫、癫 痫等后遗症,更严重者甚至导致死亡。为避免发 生新生儿窒息,应充分了解导致新生儿窒息的重 要因素并且予以高度重视,积极进行一级预防。 最近有文献 报道孕前体重指数、孕期体重增长 对妊娠结局的负面影响,并进行了相应的临床干 预。本文通过分析孕妇孕前体重指数、孕期体重 增加与新生儿窒息发生的关系,进一步明确孕妇 孕期体重指数及孕期体重增加对新生儿窒息的影 响,辅助指导相应临床工作,现报道如下:

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