Applications of Anthropogenic Radionuclides as Tracers to Investigate Marine Environmental Processes

摘要: Since the 1940, anthropogenic radionuclides have been intentionally and accidentally introduced into environment through a number of activities including nuclear weapons development, production, testing, power generation. In ensuing decades, significant body research has conducted that not only addresses fate transport in marine but allows their application as tracers to better understand variety oceanic processes. many cases, are derived entirely from sources release histories well constrained. These attributes, conjunction with range different geochemical characteristics (e.g., half-life, particle affinity, etc.), make extremely useful tools. A long-lived largely soluble 3H, 14C, 85Kr, 90Sr, 99Tc, 125Sb, 129I, 134Cs, 137Cs) utilized for tracking movement water parcels horizontal vertical directions sea, whereas more particle-reactive 54Mn, 55Fe, 103Ru, 106Ru, Pu isotopes) particulate matter environment. some pairs parent-daughter nuclides 3H-3He, 90Sr-90Y 241Pu-241Am) used provide temporal constraints on processes such dynamics particles column sediment deposition at seafloor. Often information gained provides unique/complementary naturally occurring or stable constituents, leads improved insight natural