Hydrostatic Pressure in Metazoan Cells in Culture: Its Involvement in Locomotion and Shape Generation

摘要: Internal hydrostatic pressure in bacteria and plant cells is a main factor determining shape growth of individual multicellular organisms (cf. Chap. IV.1). The question whether osmotic animal also differs from that the extracellular fluid still unresolved. While difference obvious for freshwater protists, it doubtful organisms. Erythrocytes various species eggs some marine invertebrates, chick heart fibroblasts, frog muscle all seem to behave roughly like osmometers (Dick 1959, 1966; Olmstead 1966). Doerner (1967) has postulated occurrence an internal linked with uniformly varying modulus elasticity periphery cell toward its center. This may vary point on surface could well be involved modeling shape. More recently, experimental evidence accumulated showing cellular behavior hypotonic media considerably ideal osmometer (i.e. Skalak Shu Chien 1982; Roti Rothstein 1973; Raaphorst Kruuv 1979). Any volume change which not accord Boyle-van’t Hoff s law (deviation osmometer) can due one following factors acting either alone or each other: 1. presence osmotically inactive part volume; 2. restricted mobility water; 3. release uptake ions, other solutes; 4. osmotic activity cytogel; 5. presence active force adding pressure.