Cytokine profiling of exosomes derived from the plasma of HIV-infected alcohol drinkers and cigarette smokers.

摘要: Cytokines and chemokines circulate in plasma may be transferred to distant sites, via exosomes. HIV infection is associated with dysregulation of cytokines chemokines, which subsequently contribute the pathogenesis HIV. Alcohol tobacco exposure, are prevalent HIV-infected individuals, induce changes expression chemokines. Therefore, our aim this study was quantify exosomal that we expect exacerbate toxicity or disease progression HIV-positive drug abusers. We measured levels exosomes 39 patients comprising six groups: HIV-negative non abusers, alcohol users, positive smokers. (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-6, IL-1ra, IL-10) two (MCP-1 RANTES). All were present healthy subjects, but their varied between different groups. drinkers had higher IL-8 compared those non-drinkers. The IL-1ra level significantly non-HIV-infected drinkers. Interestingly, IL-10 respective all groups except non-alcohol completely packaged smokers non-smokers IL-6 subjects. increased non-smokers. MCP-1 than either non-drug abusers Overall, findings suggest at varying degrees Exosomal likely have a significant biological role sites including cells brain.