Endothelial response to hypoxia: physiologic adaptation and pathologic dysfunction.

摘要: When subjected to a period of oxygen deprivation, endothelial cells exhibit characteristic pattern responses that can be considered either adaptive or pathologic, depending on the circumstances. In this review, molecular basis for these is detailed. Hypoxia shifts phenotype towards one in which anticoagulant properties are diminished, permeability and leukoadhesivity increased, proinflammatory features dominate endovascular milieu. Of all different points intersection between coagulation inflammatory axes vasculature, perhaps most fundamentally, hypoxia alters several key transcriptional factors, including early growth response gene 1 (Egr1) hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) 1, coordinate separate programs activation. The preponderance forces hypoxic environment, designed as an evolutionary adaptation trigger severe, clinical consequences setting tissue ischemia.