"Working in a saltmine…" - Erste Ergebnisse der anthropologischen Auswertung von Muskelmarken an den menschlichen Skeletten aus dem Gräberfeld Hallstatt

摘要: In recent years, various studies on occupationally- induced stress markers skeletal remains have produced reliable and useful results concerning habitual activities of past populations.These are also known as “musculoskeletal markers” (MSM),“stress lesions” or “enthesopathies”.The MSM a result occupational hyperactivity appear pittings furrows into the cortex bone, where muscle, tendon ligament inserts. Latest enthesopathies now refused identifying specific from single muscles individuals, because many them ended in mixed (Cunha 1998; Robb Stirland 1998).Therefore most new concentrated investigation muscle groups, order to find insights organisation within population (Robb 1998).The present study focuses comparing sex differences heavily used groups based enthesopathies.They were recorded skeletons prehistoric Hallstatt (Austria) cemetery. From archaeological record, it remained unclear whether females actually worked mines Period.The indicate that involved mining process, obviously including division labour between sexes.The cemetery, dating 800350 B.C., is located next oldest yet salt mine Europe difficult accessible mountain valley. Based contemporary findings old mines, interpretations ancient way correlated with results.This approach lighting up occupation lifestyle people buried this Early Iron Age A total 215 recovered was investigated. 27 origin attachment sites upper extremity bones examined visually scored for type severity. possible reconstruct range likely be performed by people, going along movements required around salt.A sexes can concluded different use: males show stronger marks stroke (e.g. M. triceps brachii (long head), pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi).The display higher scores active flexing elbow lifting heavy loads brachialis, biceps brachii).