Evaluation of undoped and M-doped TiO2, where M = Sn, Fe, Ni/Nb, Zr, V, and Mn, for lithium-ion battery applications prepared by the molten-salt method

摘要: The molten-salt method was used to synthesize a series of transition-metal containing titanium dioxides. Some the transition metals were found substitute into TiO2 lattice, such as (Ti0.9Fe0.1)O2, (Ti0.9Zr0.1)O2, (Ti0.9V0.1)O2, and (Ti0.9Mn0.1)O2, while others formed composite electrodes (in addition relatively minor substitutions), namely 0.1SnO2–0.9TiO2 0.05NiO–0.1Nb2O5–0.9TiO2. Although identical synthesis-conditions different yielded phases. A comparative study relating surface area composition (via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, XPS), electrochemical behaviour is presented in this work. Among substituted single phase electrodes, (Ti0.9Zr0.1)O2 exhibited best reversible capacity ∼160 mA h g−1, at end 60th cycle voltage range 1.0–2.6 V, with fade 24% from 2nd cycle. 0.05NiO–0.1Nb2O5–0.9TiO2 shows performance which comparable pure but slower capacity-fade on extended cycling. worst performing electrode (Ti0.9V0.1)O2 only ∼70 g−1 70 cycles current density 130 V drop 52% 70th features highest irreversible capacity-loss. Zr-substitution gives performance.