Advances in solid-catalytic and non-catalytic technologies for biodiesel production

摘要: The insecure supply of fossil fuel coerces the scientific society to keep a vision boost investments in renewable energy sector. Among many fuels currently available around world, biodiesel offers an immediate impact our energy. In fact, huge interest related research indicates promising future for technology. Heterogeneous catalyzed production has emerged as preferred route it is environmentally benign needs no water washing and product separation much easier. number well-defined catalyst complexes that are able catalyze transesterification reactions efficiently been significantly expanded recent years. activity catalysts, specifically application solid acid/base reaction depends on their structure, strength basicity/acidity, surface area well stability catalyst. There various process intensification technologies based use alternate sources such ultrasound microwave. latest advances development represented by non-catalytic supercritical method focussed exclusively these processes forthcoming processes. developments this field featuring highly active outlined review. knowledge more extensive biofuels will allow deeper insight into mechanism toward meeting critical challenges future.