Prioritising pharmaceuticals for environmental risk assessment: Towards adequate and feasible first-tier selection.

摘要: The presence of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment, and concerns for negative effects on organisms, has gained increasing attention over last years. As ecotoxicity data are lacking most active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), it is important to identify strategies prioritise APIs testing environmental monitoring. We have used nine previously proposed prioritisation schemes, both risk- hazard-based, rank 582 APIs. similarities differences overall ranking results input were compared. Moreover, we analysed how well methods ranked seven relatively well-studied It concluded that hazard-based more successful correctly APIs, but fish plasma model, which includes human pharmacological data, also showed a high success rate. analyses show availability vary significantly; some such as logP, available API while information about concentrations bioconcentration still scarce. suggest exposure estimates risk-based need be improved inclusion effect measures at first-tier might underestimate risks. order develop an adequate scheme, degradation sewage treatment removal ability should further considered. use ATC codes may useful development scheme mode action and, extent, mixture effects.