Termination of immune activation: an essential component of healthy host immune responses.

摘要: The ideal immune response is rapid, proportionate and effective. Crucially, it must also be finite. An inflammatory which disproportionate or lasts too long risks injury to the host; chronic un-regulated inflammation in autoimmune diseases one example of this. Thus, mechanisms regulate ultimately terminate responses are central a healthy system. Despite extensive knowledge what drives responses, our understanding termination remains relatively sparse. It clear that such processes more complex than one-dimensional homeostatic balance. Recent discoveries have revealed ever nuanced signal termination, as intrinsically self-limiting signals, multiple inhibitory acting tandem activating proteins behaving differently variety contexts. This review will summarise some important mechanisms, including by immunoreceptor tyrosine-based motifs (ITIM), inhibition soluble antagonists, receptor endocytosis ubiquitination, auto-inhibition newly synthesised intracellular molecules. Several recent showing activation transducing ITIM mediating possible roles switch explored.