Sanguinaria canadensis L. (Sanguinarius): In Vitro Culture and the Production of Benzophenanthridine Alkaloids

摘要: Sanguinaria canadensis L. (Fig. 1) is a low perennial with mostly white flowers and thick rhizomes containing an acrid red-orange juice from whence the plant was named (sanguinarius, bleeding). This monotypic genus member of Papaveraceae family, known to contain diversity isoquinoline alkaloids, including protoberberine benzophenanthridine alkaloids which are found in many species this family (Berlin et al. 1983). The synonymous Latin binomials for S. claimed be Chelidonium maximum canadense, acaulis, vernalis. Moreover, number vernacular names have been used, some examples include: bloodroot, Indian paint, red root, snakebite, sweet slumber.