Plants as Monitors of Lead Air Pollution

摘要: The most important environmental problems are caused by intensive industrial activities, urbanization and population growth. increase in air pollution resulting from the expanding use of fossil energy sources growth manufacture chemicals has been accompanied mounting public awareness concern about detrimental effects on health environment. Anthropogenic activities have greatly changed pollutant atmospheric concentrations consequently, their availability cycling. Airborne lead (Pb) is a constituent particulate matter (PM), as such it may be transported to great distances before being removed deposition processes. Here we review application plants (i) trace elements monitoring, (ii) biomonitoring (iii) identifying instrumental monitoring techniques lack information impact pollutants living systems hence, there an increasing interest using indirect methods based response organisms that act element bioaccumulators. Since accumulate lead, well other elements, atmosphere, gained importance last decades. Mosses, lichens, but also higher used for various pollutants, including lead. Lead isotopic studies provide convenient approach studying tracing Pb different compartments. isotope plant source identification species validity assessment discussed. It shown airborne accumulated plants. overview advantages presented this paper, determination