Nitrogen: Inorganic Chemistry

摘要: The chemistry of nitrogen and its compounds with hydrogen, oxygen, halogens is discussed in this article. high stability the nitrogen–nitrogen triple bond dinitrogen comparison single or double bonds makes polynitrogen promising, highly energetic materials. Recently, several new species have been detected experimentally salts cation N5+ isolated bulk. Salts azide anion N3− are already used as materials. Binary hydrogen include ammonia, hydrazine, metastable bonds. Ammonia, which starting material for all industrially produced compounds, probably most important industrial chemical. Most ammonia fertilizer, whereas hydrazine an material. The monomeric oxides among simple odd-electron molecules play role atmosphere. In combustion engines, huge amounts nitric oxide formed, influence ozone cycle both troposphere stratosphere. Nitric a chemical messenger biological systems it helps to regulate diverse array physiological processes, such neurotransmission, blood pressure clot prevention. Oxoacids hydroxylamine, nitrous acid, acid. acid major chemical, primarily nitrate fertilizer production. Hydroxylamine production polyamide synthetics. Chlorine, bromine, iodine halogen halogensubstituted derivatives diimine. They unstable that decompose excited states. Nitrogen fluorides thermodynamically more stable than other halides. Ternary nitrogen, nitrosyl- nitrylhalides well nitrates. these decreases from fluorine iodine. Keywords: nitrogen; polynitrogen compounds; ammonia; hydrazine; nitrogen oxides; nitrogen oxoacids; nitric acid; nitrogen halides; nitrogen oxohalides