Microglia processes associate with diffusely injured axons following mild traumatic brain injury in the micro pig

摘要: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is an all too common occurrence that exacts significant personal and societal costs. The pathophysiology of mTBI complex, with reports routinely correlating diffuse axonal (DAI) prolonged morbidity. Progressive chronic neuroinflammation has also recently been correlated to morbidity, however, the potential association between neuroinflammatory microglia DAI not well understood. majority studies exploring responses TBI have focused on more phases involving phagocytosis associated Wallerian change. Little, known regarding response seen acutely following its relationship early DAI. Additionally, while inflammation drastically different in rodents compared humans, pigs humans share very similar inflammatory profiles responses. In current study, we employed a modified central fluid percussion model micro pigs. Using this mTBI, paired various immunohistological endpoints, assessed acute thalamic 6 h injury. Injured displayed substantial damage reflected presence APP+ proximal swellings, which were particularly prominent thalamus. companion, same sites extensive neuroinflammation, was observed using Iba-1 immunohistochemistry. physical DAI, via confocal 3D analysis, revealed dramatic increase number Iba-1+ microglial processes contacted swellings uninjured myelinated axons sham animals. aggregate, these reveal process convergence undergoing interaction previously recognized literature. These findings transform our understanding may suggest as diagnostic and/or therapeutic target.