Limber pine (Pinus flexilis James) genetic map constructed by exome-seq provides insight into the evolution of disease resistance and a genomic resource for genomics-based breeding.

摘要: Limber pine (Pinus flexilis) is a keystone species of high-elevation forest ecosystems western North America, but some parts the geographic range have high infection and mortality from non-native white blister rust caused byCronartium ribicola. Genetic maps can provide essential knowledge for understanding genetic disease resistance as well local adaptation to changing climates. Exome-seq was performed construct high-density in two seed families. Composite positioned 9612 unigenes across 12 linkage groups (LGs). Syntenic analysis genome structure revealed that majority orthologs were positional orthologous genes (POGs) with localization on homologousLGs among conifer species. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment showed relatively fewer constraints forPOGs putative roles environments more conservation basic cell function maintenance. The mapped included 639 nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRRs), 290 receptor-like protein kinase (RLKs), 1014 potential defense response induced systemic attack by pathogens. Orthologous loci pathogens identified co-positioned multiple members theR gene family, revealing evolutionary pressure acting upon them. This map provides genomic resource practical tool breeding programs, applications genome-wide association studies (GWASs), characterization functional underlying complex traits, sequencing assembly full-length genomes limber relatedPinus