Serotherapy against Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel-Targeting αToxins from Androctonus Scorpion Venom.

摘要: Because of their venom lethality towards mammals, scorpions the Androctonus genus are considered a critical threat to human health in North Africa. Several decades exploration have led comprehensive inventory components at chemical, pharmacological, and immunological levels. Typically, these venoms contain selective high affinity ligands for voltage-gated sodium (Na v) potassium (K channels that dictate cellular excitability. In well-studied australis mauretanicus venoms, almost all mammals is due so-called α-toxins. These peptides commonly delay fast inactivation process Na v channels, which leads increased entry subsequent cell membrane depolarization. Markedly, neutralization by specific antisera has been shown completely inhibit venom's lethal activity, because they not only most abundant peptide but also fatal. However, structural antigenic polymorphisms α-toxin family pose challenges design efficient serotherapies. this review, we discuss past present accomplishments improve serotherapy against scorpion stings.