Old and young female voices: effects of body weight, condition and social discomfort on the vocal aging in red deer hinds ( Cervus elaphus )
作者： Ilya A Volodin , Olga V Sibiryakova , Nina A Vasilieva , Elena V Volodina , Vera A Matrosova
DOI: 10.1163/1568539X-00003513
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摘要: In female terrestrial mammals, vocal aging has only been studied in humans and pandas. cervids displaying convergent sex dimorphism of apparatus with humans, is investigated males. This cross-sectional study examined acoustic variables nasal (closed-mouth) oral (open-mouth) contact calls 32 farmed Iberian red deer hinds ( Cervus elaphus hispanicus ) aged 4-18 years their relationships caller´s age, weight, social discomfort score (bites other on hind pelt) body condition (fat reserves). Decrease fundamental frequency was associated age both calls, but more prominently the calls. An increase call duration, peak power quartiles a higher degree bites due to aggression. Weight weakly influenced traits. We discuss that parallels human females.
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