Signaling by extracellular ATP: physiological and pathological considerations in neuronal-astrocytic interactions.

摘要: Publisher Summary The chapter discusses some of the work concerning ATP release from nerve cells, as well properties purinergic receptors, and also describes studies on effects extracellular astrocytes. that is released into space activates specific cell surface receptors. Two major types P1 P2, are distinguished based on: (a) relative potencies ATP, ADP, AMP adenosine; (b) selective actions antagonists, especially methylxanthines; (c) adenylatecyclase vs. prostaglandinsynthesis. In astrocytes, it has been shown evokes an increase in calcium influx, inositol trisphosphate formation mobilization. An initial investigations effect astrocytes cultured cerebral cortices involved 45 Ca flux. investigation suggested presence low high affinity binding sites ATP-evoked uptake mediated by a P2 receptor One second messenger functions activation protein phosphorylation systems, which turn lead to cascade events culminating such physiological responses neurotransmitter synthesis release, ionic permeability, function, energy metabolism, growth.