Core-level shifts and the choice of Auger parameter

摘要: The approximation that the change in Wagner Auger parameter α* is equal to twice extra-atomic relaxation energy depends on assumption of core-level binding-energy shifts. It shown from available published data that, general, this incorrect, and cannot be used estimate energies accurately. If accurate are required, then parameters such as ζ Hohlneicher et al., or ζ′ Sodhi Cavell, based generalized Lang Williams, must used. However, for purely empirical chemical state identification metals semi-metals, various versions perfectly adequate, indeed it matters little which version used, since changes Δα* with same all them within experimental error. For non-metals there yet insufficient certain just how useful might be, but those two elements, sulphur phosphorus, adequate data, seems its own may not helpful metals. In latter case much less ambiguity if ‘chemical state’ diagram used; particularly so sulphur, β variations seem complex.