Extraction and modification of cellulose nanofibers derived from biomass for environmental application

摘要: Cellulose is a natural biopolymer that abundantly available in plant cell walls and secreted its pure forms by many bacteria. Due to their unique features cellulose materials are considered as efficient replacements for conventional polymers. nanofibers (CNF) have attracted wide interest due nano size, ease of preparation, low cost, tuneable surface properties enhanced mechanical properties. However, the efficiency CNF depends on extraction method employed from source vary source. Hence, there need understand specificity order obtain highly with maximum potential. has been extracted sources using physical, chemical enzymatic methods. Although derived possess excellent features, involvement chemicals complexity process limits usage. Bacterial overcome this limitation through extracellular secretion which makes easy. also various marine filamentous algae. The percentage obtained algal less compared plants bacterial sources. finds variety applications such drug carriers, tissue regenerating scaffolds, water purifying membranes, electrodes, supercapacitors, fluorescent probes flexible electronics. In review, techniques different discussed critically special emphasis based composites.