Hydrogen-treated, sub-micrometer carbon beads for fast capacitive deionization with high performance stability

摘要: Abstract Novolac is a low-cost carbon precursor which can be used to derive nanoporous beads in sub-micrometer size. In this study, we introduce material as novel electrode for capacitive deionization (CDI) with high performance stability and superior desalination rate. The polymer were synthesized employing self-emulsifying system an autoclave, pyrolyzed under argon, activated CO 2 , yielding specific surface area of 1905 m  g −1 total pore volume 1.26 cm 3 . After activation, the shows salt sorption capacity ∼8 mg g but highly influenced by functional groups, causing inversion peak fast decay. However, de-functionalization via hydrogen treatment outlined effective strategy improve CDI performance. novolac-derived beads, obtained 11.5 mg g charge efficiency more than 80% around 90% over 100 cycles. Particularly attractive practical application very average adsorption rate 0.104 mg g  s outperforming commercial carbons, are commonly CDI, at least factor two.