Pathological and biochemical aspects of tumour promotion

摘要: Historically, the concept of tumour promotion was developed by Rous and Berenblum their colleagues in 1940's order to explain observations that wounding or painting skin with corrosive compound croton oil, although not carcinogenic per se nevertheless greatly increased yield tumours mice which had been exposed previously a low dose carcinogen, benzo[a]pyrene (BP)*. Some 15 years earlier, Dellman his noted enhancing effect on tar-painted carcinogen-painted skin, but potential importance work largely overlooked both at time later. described BP as 'initiation' carcinogenesis oil development 'promotion'. Over following 30 years, further others, notably van Duuren, Boutwell Hecker enabled many biological characteristics two-stage involving initiation be defined great detail, always reference mouse model. Indeed, until quite recently, thought scientific oddity applicable only cancer little relevance understanding other organs. Now pendulum has swung too far way, almost any factor enhances incidence organ system vivo is commonly called promoter, even if it clearly fails (or demonstrated) conform simplest operational requirements promoter colleagues.