作者: D. Mihaylov , G.J. Verkerke , G. Rakhorst
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摘要: Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) is a major health problem with high mortality rate. Its ultimate therapy, heart transplantation, limited by the shortage of donor hearts. Since decades researchers have been working to solve this developing Mechanical Circulatory Support Systems (MCSS) that can replace or assist failing heart. Short-term and intermediate-term ventricular devices are used nowadays frequently bridge patients severe failure recovery. Long-term (VADs) Total Artificial Hearts (TAHs) increasingly as transplantations permanent circulatory support in end-stage contraindicated for transplantation. The early TAHs VADs were mainly driven from an external pneumatic drive unit. latest generation long-term electrically powered, ultracompact, totally implantable, small wearable drive/control consoles, allowing return their daily activities. article categorizes reviews development MCSS, highlights medical indications contraindications