Evidence for participation of microbial mats in the deposition of the siliciclastic ‘ore formation’ in the Copperbelt of Zambia
作者： H. Porada , G. Druschel
DOI: 10.1016/J.JAFREARSCI.2010.04.006
关键词:
摘要: Abstract The Copperbelt of Zambia is the world’s largest sediment-hosted stratiform copper province, hosted in siliciclastic sediments Roan Group, which forms basal part Neoproterozoic–Paleozoic Katanga Supergroup. Much ore deposition occurred between 880 Ma and 780 Ma, on a rimmed platform consisting carbonate barrier, lagoonal basin tidal flats grading into sabkhas hinterland. Various sedimentary structures developed formation at Mindola Open Pit mine, are herein considered to be microbially induced identified as microbial shrinkage cracks, wrinkle structures, mat deformation petees, concentric microfaults, chips. occurrence these all units Mine suggests mats grew paleo-sediment surface throughout cupriferous succession. As require cohesive layers, were likely cyanobacterial type, that well aerated intertidal lower supratidal zones. Cyanobacterial typically consist layer filamentous cyanobacteria underlain by anaerobic, heterotrophic sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB). A distinct sulfide mineral zonation, major deposits Copperbelt, ranges from barren (sabkha) sediments, through chalcocite zone, bornite followed chalcopyrite pyrite subtidal zone anoxic depotcentre. This sequence minerals can modelled paragenetic mineralization resulting progressive reduction source fluid, indicating geochemical conditions formation, least, produced activity SRB.
elsevier.com
sci-hub.se 参考文章(91)
David Selley, David Broughton, Robert Scott, Murray Hitzman, Stuart Bull, Ross Large, Peter McGoldrick, Mawson Croaker, Nicky Pollington, Fernando Barra, A New Look at the Geology of the Zambian Copperbelt Economic Geology. ,vol. 100, pp. 965- 1000 ,(2005) , 10.5382/AV100.29
F. G. Ferris, Microbe-Metal Interactions in Sediments Springer Berlin Heidelberg. pp. 121- 126 ,(2000) , 10.1007/978-3-662-04036-2_14
G. Gerdes, W. E. Krumbein, Peritidal Potential Stromatolites — A Synopsis Springer, Dordrecht. pp. 101- 129 ,(1994) , 10.1007/978-94-011-1124-9_5
W. E. Krumbein, Y. Cohen, Primary Production, Mat Formation and Lithification: Contribution of Oxygenic and Facultative Anoxygenic Cyanobacteria Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. pp. 37- 56 ,(1977) , 10.1007/978-3-642-66516-5_3
Gisela Gerdes, Wolfgang E. Krumbein, Nora Noffke, Evaporite Microbial Sediments Springer Berlin Heidelberg. pp. 196- 208 ,(2000) , 10.1007/978-3-662-04036-2_22
Wolfgang Oschmann, Microbes and Black Shales Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. pp. 137- 148 ,(2000) , 10.1007/978-3-662-04036-2_16
Société géologique de Belgique, Paul Bartholomé, Gisements stratiformes et provinces cuprifères Société géologique de Belgique. ,(1974)
Phanerozoic stromatolites II Kluwer Academic Publishers. ,(1994) , 10.1007/978-94-011-1124-9
Kathleen M. Browne, Stjepko Golubic, Lee Seong-Joo, Shallow Marine Microbial Carbonate Deposits Springer Berlin Heidelberg. pp. 233- 249 ,(2000) , 10.1007/978-3-662-04036-2_26
H. Clemmey, Sedimentary geology of a late Precambrian copper deposit at Kitwe, Zambia Annales de la Société géologique de Belgique. ,(1974)