Exosomes with Immune Modulatory Features Are Present in Human Breast Milk

摘要: Breast milk is a complex liquid with immune-competent cells and soluble proteins that provide immunity to the infant affect maturation of infant's immune system. Exosomes are nanovesicles (30-100 nm) an endosome-derived limiting membrane secreted by diverse range cell types. Because exosomes carry immunorelevant structures, they suggested participate in directing response. We hypothesized human breast contain exosomes, which may be important for development isolated vesicles from colostrum mature ultracentrifugations and/or immuno-isolation on paramagnetic beads. found displayed typical exosome-like size morphology as analyzed electron microscopy. Furthermore, floated at density between 1.10 1.18 g/ml sucrose gradient, corresponding known exosomes. In addition, MHC classes I II, CD63, CD81, CD86 were detected flow cytometry. Western blot mass spectrometry further confirmed presence several exosome-associated molecules. Functional analysis revealed vesicle preparation inhibited anti-CD3-induced IL-2 IFN-gamma production allogeneic autologous PBMC. increased number Foxp3(+)CD4(+)CD25(+) T regulatory observed PBMC incubated preparations. conclude contains capacity influence responses.